Hipoacusia súbita post vacunación: revisión de la literatura

Abstract

 Introduction: Sudden hearing loss is the sudden decrease in sensorineural hearing that can have different etiologies: vascular, tumor, autoimmune, infectious, among others. Several cases of sudden hearing loss were reported after vaccination, and a review of the literature was performed on the current evidence between the different types of vaccine and the onset of sudden hearing loss, including the new vaccines against COVID-19. Development: The possible pathogenesis between vaccines and hearing loss could be autoimmune, but the viral component or other adjuvants may also have an impact. There were reports of vaccines against influenza, mumps or measles, hepatitis B, tetanus, diphtheria, meningococcus, and rabies. Additionally, the only case-control study found no association between sudden hearing loss and the influenza vaccine, hepatitis B, tetanus/diphtheria/pertussis, herpes zoster, pneumococcus and human papillomavirus. Preliminary results showed no greater incidence of hearing loss after the vaccine for SARS-CoV2. Conclusions: There was no association between the onset of sudden hearing loss and the application of vaccines. The presence of sudden hearing loss after vaccination is less than in the general population.