Disglicemia y enfermedad de hígado graso no alcohólico en pacientes con adiposidad, Clínica Internacional, San Borja, 2019 – 2020

Abstract

Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the world population; in addition to generate liver damage, it is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) and cardiovascular disease. The objective of the study was to determine the association of dysglycemia and NAFLD in patients without a history of glycemic abnormalities.

Material and Methods: observational, descriptive-correlational study of 79 patients with adiposity (NAFLD = 70), without a history of dysglycemia. Sex, age, blood pressure, BMI, abdominal circumference, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and blood glucose 120 minutes in the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), glycated hemoglobin (A1C), HOMA-IR index, transaminases,HDL cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and the NAFLD-Fibrosis Score (NFS).

Results: 79 patients were admitted (F = 52, M = 27), age 48.48 ± 13.8 years. 96.3% of men and 84.3% of women had NAFLD by ultrasound; of them, 65.2% had impaired fasting blood glucose and 4.4%, DM2 values. 20% presented impaired glucose tolerance (none in the range of DM2). According to the A1C, 25.7% had prediabetes, and 7.2% had DM2. 85.7% had HOMA-IR values> 2.

Conclusions: In the patients studied with adiposity and NAFLD without a history of dysglycemia, insulin resistance with normal glycemia, impaired fasting blood glucose and impaired glucose tolerance were frequent. The findings justify
monitoring the appearance of dysglycemia in patients with NAFLD belonging to risk groups (adiposity, metabolic syndrome or DM2), with HOMA-IR, OGTT, and A1C for early multidisciplinary management.