A case report of seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder treated with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin

Abstract

Neuromyelitis optical spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are inflammatory and demyelinating autoimmune diseases of
the central nervous system. We present the case of a male patient with seronegative NMOSD, who presented with area postrema syndrome; During hospitalization, he presented progressive neurological deterioration. In T2 flair of the brain MRI, hyperintense intramedullary lesions were evidenced, in the area postrema, in the brainstem and bilateral periventricular regions; the AQP4 dosage in serum and CSF were negative. The patient received treatment with Human Immunoglobulin for five days, which had a partial response to treatment.